Understanding Bipolar Disorder
Table of Contents
What is Bipolar Disorder?
Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterised by significant shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels. These mood changes go beyond ordinary ups and downs and can affect your ability to manage daily life, relationships, and work.
When living with bipolar disorder, you may experience periods of elevated mood (known as mania or hypomania) and periods of low mood (depression). These changes can vary in intensity and duration from person to person.
What Causes Bipolar Disorder?
The development of bipolar disorder is complex. There is rarely a single cause – rather, it arises from an interaction of biological, psychological, and environmental factors. Understanding these factors can make the experience feel more manageable and less confusing.
Biological and Genetic Factors
Research suggests that genetics play a key role in bipolar disorder. If a close family member has the condition, your likelihood of developing it may be higher. Brain chemistry and the regulation of certain neurotransmitters also appear to contribute to mood stability.
Life Events and Stress
Major life changes, ongoing stress, or traumatic experiences can sometimes trigger mood episodes in people who are already vulnerable. This might include significant loss, changes in sleep patterns, or high-pressure environments.
Personality and Coping Styles
Certain personality traits, such as being highly driven or self-critical, can sometimes interact with underlying vulnerabilities. Over time, these patterns might contribute to cycles of high energy followed by exhaustion or low mood.
Types of Bipolar Disorder
There are several types of bipolar disorder, and understanding which applies to you can guide the most appropriate treatment.
- Bipolar I Disorder: Defined by at least one episode of mania, which may be accompanied by depressive episodes.
- Bipolar II Disorder: Involves episodes of hypomania (a milder form of mania) and more significant periods of depression.
- Cyclothymic Disorder: Involves frequent mood fluctuations that are less severe but still disruptive over time.
Each type shares core features but differs in the intensity and pattern of mood changes.
Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder affects how you think, feel, and behave. Recognising your own pattern of symptoms can be an important first step in seeking support.
Symptoms of Mania or Hypomania
During manic or hypomanic episodes, you might notice:
- Increased energy or activity levels
- Feeling unusually confident or euphoric
- Needing less sleep
- Racing thoughts or rapid speech
- Taking more risks than usual
- Finding it hard to concentrate or slow down
While these periods can sometimes feel productive or energising, they may also lead to impulsive decisions or exhaustion later on.
Symptoms of Depression
During depressive episodes, you may experience:
- Persistent sadness or emptiness
- Loss of interest in usual activities
- Changes in appetite or sleep
- Fatigue or loss of motivation
- Feelings of guilt or worthlessness
- Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
These periods can make daily activities feel particularly challenging and may affect confidence and relationships.
Treatment for Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is highly treatable, and with the right combination of therapy and medical support, many people lead balanced and fulfilling lives.
Psychological Support and Therapy
Working with a psychologist can help you recognise early warning signs of mood changes and develop strategies to maintain stability.
Medication
Medication often plays an important role in managing bipolar disorder. Mood stabilisers, antidepressants, or antipsychotic medications may be prescribed by a psychiatrist to reduce the frequency and intensity of mood swings. Regular follow-up ensures that your treatment remains effective and tailored to your needs.
Lifestyle and Routine
Maintaining regular sleep, balanced nutrition, and a consistent daily routine can significantly support mood regulation. Gentle exercise, social connection, and structured activities also play an important part in long-term stability.
How Do You Know If You Might Benefit From Support?
Reaching out for professional help can be an important step in understanding and managing bipolar disorder. You might consider seeking support if:
- You experience repeated periods of unusually high or low mood
- Your sleep, energy, or concentration change dramatically
- You find it difficult to maintain relationships or work performance
- You feel out of control during certain mood states
- You want to understand your mood patterns and build more stability
Working with a psychologist can help you gain insight into these experiences and develop practical ways to maintain balance.
Meet our therapists specialising in working with Bipolar disorder in Hong Kong
Dr. Kaili Chen
Clinical Psychologist
Dr. Chen has worked in the field of psychology since 2010 in several non-profit organizations and community mental health centers. Before settling in Hong Kong, she has lived in Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, China, and the United States, and understands firsthand the stresses expats face living abroad and the intricacies of multicultural lifestyles.
Michael Beckham
Clinical Counsellor
Michael Beckham is a US-trained and licensed Psychotherapist with 19 years of experience helping clients navigate life’s challenges with compassion, expertise, and care. He assists his clients in understanding how they see themselves, how they see the world, and how they see their place in the world.
Dr. Melissa Chan
Clinical Psychologist
Dr. Chan is a UK trained Clinical Psychologist, who has worked in the field of mental health taking up clinical and research roles in the community and academic settings for ten years.
Dr. Karen Wai Liem
Clinical Psychologist, Counselling Psychologist, and Aviation Psychologist
Dr. Liem is a Clinical Psychologist, Counselling Psychologist, and Aviation Psychologist based in Hong Kong. She provides psychotherapy for adolescents, adults, and couples facing psychological or relational challenges.
Dr Elaine Ching
Clinical Psychologist
Dr. Ching is a UK trained Clinical Psychologist, offering support to adults with difficulties around anxiety, low mood, stress and burnout, self-esteem, childhood or event specific trauma, interpersonal relationships, and life adjustments (e.g. relocation, grief, chronic physical health, third culture kids).
Dr. Edward C. K. Lam
Clinical Psychologist
Edward is a U.S.-trained and licensed Clinical Psychologist in the state of Massachusetts, now bringing his expertise to Hong Kong. With extensive experience across various settings, Edward has helped clients become stronger, more independent, and resilient in the face of challenges.
Dr. Sharmeen Shroff
Clinical Psychologist
With over 14 years of experience, Dr Shroff has worked in community mental health centres, private psychology clinics, medical clinics and both outpatient and inpatient units in hospitals in Hong Kong, the United Kingdom and the USA.
Meet Our Full List Of Counsellors Here!
FAQs About Bipolar Disorder in Hong Kong
Is bipolar disorder common in Hong Kong?
Yes, bipolar disorder affects people across all backgrounds. While prevalence rates are similar to other countries, awareness and access to care are steadily improving in Hong Kong.
Can bipolar disorder be managed without medication?
In some cases, therapy and lifestyle changes can make a meaningful difference, but medication is often a key part of treatment. Decisions should always be made in collaboration with your healthcare provider.
What’s the difference between mood swings and bipolar disorder?
Everyone experiences mood changes, but bipolar disorder involves distinct periods of elevated and depressed mood that significantly affect daily life and functioning.
Can I still work or study with bipolar disorder?
Many people with bipolar disorder lead active, successful professional and academic lives. With appropriate treatment and support, it’s entirely possible to manage symptoms effectively.
